Course
description 
This course compares and contrasts the foreign policies of the United States, Britain, France, Germany, and the European Union. It touches on the institutions, politics and processes of foreign policy decision-making, including diplomacy, trade, security, human rights, and the environment, and relations with international organizations and major regions of the world such as the Balkans, the Middle East, Africa and Pacific-Asia. Trans-Atlantic cooperation, contrasts, and disputes receive special attention.
Recommended Reading 
The resources listed on this Library Course page will help you further explore topics that interest you. Links are usually through to the Voyager record. Some books are available online, and these are called e-books. To access these you need to be logged on with your Net ID and Password. Links are through
to the Voyager record. Titles are cited according to the Chicago manual of style. 15th ed.
Click here for items in the Short Loan Collection for this paper. The Short Loan Collection is located on Level 1 of the Information Commons.
Copyright policy: Course readings may only be used for the University's educational purposes. You may print a copy for your own use, but you may not make a further copy for any other purpose. You may not copy or distribute any part of the reading to any other person. Failure to comply with these terms may expose you to legal action for copyright infringement and/or disciplinary action by the University.
Strongly Recommended Reading 
- Bretherton, Charlotte. The European Union as a Global Actor. 2nd ed. New York, NY : Routledge, 2006.
- Brimmer, Esther, ed. The EU's Search for a Strategic Role: EDSP and Its Implications for Transatlantic Relations. Washington: Johns Hopkins University Press, 2002.
- Cameron, Fraser. The Future of Europe: Integration and Enlargement. London: Taylor & Francis, 2004. Also available as an e-book via the Library database Ebsco.
- ---. An Introduction to European Foreign Policy. London: Routledge, 2007.
- ---. US Foreign Policy after the Cold War: Global Hegemon or Reluctant Sheriff?. 2nd ed. New York: Routledge, 2005.
- ---. US Foreign Policy After the Cold War: Global
Hegemon or Reluctant Sheriff? New York: Routledge, 2002.
- Dannreuther, Walter, ed. European Union Foreign and Security Policy: Towards a Neighborhood Policy. London: Routledge, 2004. Also available as an e-book via the Library database Ebsco.
- Hill, Christopher, and Michael Smith, eds. International Relations and the European Union. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2005.
- Kagan, Robert. Of Paradise and Power: America vs. Europe in the New World Order. New York: Knopf, 2003.
- Keukeleire, Stephen, and Jennifer MacNaughtan. The Foreign Policy of the European Union. Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan, 2008.
- Lieber, Robert J., ed. Eagle Rules? Foreign Policy and American Primacy in the Twenty-First Century. Upper Saddle River, N.J.: Prentice Hall, 2002.
- McDougall, Derek. The Asia Pacific in World Politics. Boulder, Colo.: Lynne Rienner Publishers, 2007.
- Manners, Ian, and Richard Whitman, eds. The Foreign Policies of European Union Member States. Manchester: Manchester University Press, 2000.
- May, Bernhard, and Michaela Honicke Moore, eds. The Uncertain Superpower: Domestic Dimensions of U.S. Foreign Policy After the Cold War. Opladen: Leske + Budrich, 2003.
- Mead, Walter Russell. Special Providence: American Foreign Policy and How it Changed the World. New York: Routledge, 2002.
- Nugent, Neill. "External Relations." Chap. 19 in The Government and Politics of the European Union. 6th ed. Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan, 2006.
- Nye, Joseph. The
Paradox of American Power: Why the World's Only Superpower Can't Go
it Alone. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2002. Also available online via the Library database Oxford Scholarship Online.
- Peterson, John, and Michael E. Smith. "The EU as a Global Actor." In The European Union: How Does It Work?, edited by Elizabeth Bomberg and Alexander Stubb, chap. 10. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2003.
- Ramet, Sabrina P., and Christine Ingebritsen, eds. Coming In From
the Cold War: Changes in U.S.-European Interactions Since 1980.
Lanham, Md. : Rowman & Littlefield, 2002.
- Smith, Karen. European Union Foreign Policy in a Changing World. Cambridge: Polity, 2003.
- Wiessala, Georg. The European Union and Asian Countries. London: Sheffield Academic Press, 2002. Chapter on China
- Yahuda, Michael. International Politics of the Asia Pacific. 2nd and rev. ed. London: RoutledgeCurzon, 2004.
- Yang, Jian. Congress and US China Policy, 1989-1999. Huntington, N.Y.: Nova Science Publishers, 2000.
Readings by Topics
Introduction to Comparative Foreign Policy Analysis
US Foreign Policy
The War in Iraq and US-EU Differences
European Foreign Policies: Enlargement, CFSP, ESDP, Trade Policies, and Economic Disputes with the United States
Britain, France, and Germany
United States and European International Trade and Economic Policies and Administrative Protectionism
The US and Free trade agreements (FTAs)
US and European use of economic sanctions
Climate Change and the Environment as Foreign Policy Issues
Balkans, Mediterranean, Africa, Asia and the Pacific
Introduction to Comparative Foreign Policy Analysis 
- Collier, David. "Comparative Politics and Comparative Method." In Comparative Political Dynamics: Global Research Perspectives, edited by Dankwart A. Rustow and Kenneth Paul Erickson. New York, N.Y.: HarperCollins, 1991.
- East, Maurice A. "Size and Foreign Policy Behavior: A Test of Two Models." World Politics 25, no. 4 (1973): 556-576. Available online via the Library database JSTOR.
- Garrison, Jean , ed. "Reflection, Evaluation, Integration: Foreign Policy Analysis in 20/20: A Symposium." International Studies Review 5, no. 2 (June 2003): 155-202. Available online via Synergy.
- Hermann, Margaret G. "How Decision Units Shape Foreign Policy: A Theoretical Framework." International Studies Review 3, no. 2 (Summer 2001): 47-81. Available online via Synergy.
- Hill, Christopher. The Changing Politics of Foreign Policy. Basingstoke: Palgrave, 2003.
- Hook, Steven, ed. Comparative Foreign Policy: Adaptation Strategies of the Great and Emerging Powers. Upper Saddle River, N.J.: Prentice Hall, 2002.
- Hudson, Valerie M. "Foreign Policy Analysis: Actor Specific Theory and the Ground of International Relations." Foreign Policy Analysis 1, no. 1 (2005): 1-30. Available online via Synergy.
- ---. Foreign Policy Analysis: Classic and Contemporary Theory. Lanham: Rowman and Littlefield, 2007. pp. 1-10.
- Kaarbo, Juliet. "Foreign Policy Analysis in the Twenty-First Century: Back to Comparison, Forward to Identity and Ideas." International Studies Review 5, no. 2 (2003): 155-202. Available online via Academic Search Premier.
- Rosenau, James N. "Comparative Foreign Policy: Fad, Fantasy or Field?" International Studies Quarterly 12, no. 3 (1967): 296-329. Available online via the Library database JSTOR.
- Smith, Karen E., and Margot Light, eds. Ethics and Foreign Policy. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2001. Also available as an e-book via the Library database Ebrary.
- Snyder, Richard, H.W. Bruck, and Burton Sapin. Foreign Policy Decision-Making, Revisited. New ed. New York: Palgrave/Macmillian, 2002.
- Webber, Mark, and Michael Smith. Foreign Policy in a Transformed World. Harlow: Prentice Hall, 2002. Chaps. 1-4.
- White, Brian. "Foreign Policy Analysis and the New Europe." In Contemporary European Foreign Policy, edited by Walter Carlsnaes, Helen Sjursen and Brian White, 11-31. London: SAGE, 2004.
US Foreign Policy 
- Albright, Madeline K. "Bridges, Bombs, or Bluster?" Foreign Affairs 82, no. 5 (September-October 2003): 2-19. Available online via the Library database Academic Search Premier.
- Boot, Max. "The New American Way of War." Foreign Affairs 82, no. 4 (July-August 2003): 41-59. Available online via the Library database Academic Search Premier.
- Cameron, Fraser. US Foreign Policy after the Cold War: Global Hegemon or Reluctant Sheriff?. 2nd ed. New York: Routledge, 2005.
- Columbus, Frank, ed. National Security Strategy of the United States of America. Hauppauge, N.Y.: Novinka Books, 2003.
- Diamond, Larry. "What Went Wrong in Iraq." Foreign Affairs 83, no. 5 (September/October 2004): 34-56. Available online via the Library database Academic Search Premier.
- Dombrowski, Peter, and Rodger A. Payne. "Global Debate and the Limits of the Bush Doctrine." International Studies Perspectives 4, no. 4 (November 2003): 395-408. Available online via Synergy.
- Drumbi, Mark A. "Self-Defense and the Use of Force: Breaking the Rules, Making the Rules, or Both?" International Studies Perspectives 4, no. 4 (November 2003): 409-431. Available online via Synergy.
- Eland, Ivan. "The Empire Strikes Out." Policy Analysis, no. 459 (November 28 2002): 1-26. Available online via Short Loan.
- Harries, Owen. Benign or Imperial? Reflections on American Hegemony. Sydney, NSW: ABC Books for the Australian Broadcasting Corp., 2004.
- Hass, Richard N. "Regime Change and Its Limit." Foreign Affairs 84, no. 4 (Jul/Aug 2005): 66-78. Available online via the Library database Academic Search Premier.
- Hudson, Michael. Super Imperialism: The Origin and Fundamentals of U.S. World Dominance. 2nd ed. Sterling, Va.: Pluto Press, 2003.
- Hunt, Michael H. The American Ascendancy: How the United States Gained and Wielded Global Dominance. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 2007.
- Ikenberry, G. John. "Illusions of Empire." Foreign Affairs 83, no. 2 (March-April 2004): 144-154. Available online via the Library database Academic Search Premier.
- Jacobs, Lawrence, and Benjamin Page. "Who Influences US Foreign Policy?" American Political Science Review 99, no. 1 (2005): 107-124. Available online via the Library database Academic Research Library.
- Jentleson, Bruce W. American Foreign Policy: The Dynamics of Choice in the 21st Century. 2nd ed. New York: Norton, 2004.
- Kagan, Robert. Dangerous Nation. New York: Vintage Books, 2007.
- Kagan, Robert. Of Paradise and Power: America vs. Europe in the NewWorld Order. New York : Knopf, 2003.
- Kegley, Charles, and Eugene Wittkopf. American Foreign Policy: Pattern and Process. 5th ed. New York: St. Martin’s Press, 1996.
- Kennedy, Paul. The Rise and Fall of the Great Powers: Economic Change and Military Conflict From 1500 to 2000. London: Unwin Hyman, 1988.
- Kissinger, Henry. Does America Need a Foreign Policy? Towards a Diplomacy for the 21st Century. New York: Simon & Schuster, 2001.
- Lieber, Robert J. The American Era: Power and Strategy for the 21st Century. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2005.
- Lieber, Robert J., ed. Eagle Rules? Foreign Policy and American Primacy in the Twenty-First Century. Upper Saddle River, N.J.: Prentice Hall, 2002 .
- May, Bernhard, and Michaela Honicke Moore, eds. The Uncertain Superpower: Domestic Dimensions of U.S. Foreign Policy After the Cold War. Opladen: Leske + Budrich, 2003.
- Mead, Walter Russel. Special Providence: American Foreign Policy and How it Changed the World. New York: Routledge, 2002.
- Neack, Laura. The New Foreign Policy: U.S. and Comparative Foreign Policy in the 21st Century. Lanham, Md.: Rowman and Littlefield, 2003.
- Nuechterlein Donald E. Defiant Superpower: The New American Hegemony. Washington, D.C.: Potomac Books, 2005.
- Nye, Joseph S. "The Decline of America’s Soft Power." Foreign Affairs 83, no. 3 (May-June 2004): 16-21. Available online via the Library database Academic Search Premier.
- ---. The Paradox of American Power: Why the World’s Only Superpower Can’t Go it Alone. Oxford, 2002. Also available online via the Library database Oxford Scholarship Online.
- ---. Soft Power: The Means to Success in World Politics. New York: Public Affairs, 2004.
- Papp, Daniel, Loch K. Johnson, and John E. Endicott. American Foreign Policy: History, Politics and Policy. New York: Pearson Longman, 2005.
- Patrick, Stuart, and Shep Forman, eds. Multilateralism and U.S. Foreign Policy: Ambivalent Engagement. Boulder, Colo.: Lynne Rienner, 2002.
- Press-Barnathan, Galia. "The War Against Iraq and International Order: From Bull to Bush." International Studies Review 6, no. 2 (June 2004): 195- 212. Available online via Synergy.
- Ramet, Sabrina P. and Christine Ingebritsen, eds. Coming In From the Cold War: Changes in U.S. – European Interactions since 1980. Lanham, Md.: Rowman & Littlefield Publishers, 2002.
- Rosati, Jerel A. The Politics of United States Foreign Policy. 3rd ed. Belmont, CA.: Wadsworth/Thomson Learning, 2004.
- Rosen, Stephen Peter. "An Empire if You Can Keep It." The National Interest, issue 71 (Spring 2003): 51-62. Available online via the Library database Academic Search Premier.
- Ruland, Jurgen, and and Eva Manske, eds. U.S. Foreign Policy Toward the Third World: A Post-Cold War Assessment. Armonk, N.Y.: M.E. Sharpe, 2006.
- Sampanis, Maria. Preserving Power through Coalitions: Comparing the Grand Strategy of Great Britain and the United States. Westport, Conn.: Praeger, 2003.
- Wittkopf, Eugene R., Christopher M. Jones, and Charles W. Kegley American Foreign Policy: Pattern and Process. 7th ed. New York: St. Martin’s Press, 2008.
- Wittkopf, Eugene R., and James McCormick, eds. The Domestic Sources of American Foreign Policy: Insights and Evidence. 4th ed. Rowman and Littlefield, 2003.
- ---, eds. The Domestic Sources of American Foreign Policy: Insights and Evidence. 5th ed. Lanham, Md.: Rowman & Littlefield Publishers, 2008.
- Zakaria, Fareed. From Wealth to Power: The Unusual Origins of America's World Role. Princeton, N.J.: Princeton University Press, 1998.
The War in Iraq and US-EU Differences 
- Andrews, David M., ed. The Atlantic Alliance Under Stress: US European Relations after Iraq. New York: Cambridge University Press, 2005. Chapters on UK, France, Germany.
- Anonymous. "In the World of Good and Evil." The Economist 380, no. 8495 (September 16, 2006): 37-38. Available online via the Library database Business Source Premier.
- Baylis, John, Jon Roper, eds. The United States and Europe: Beyond the Neo-Conservative Divide? London: Routledge, 2006. Chapters on Britain, Germany, and France.
- Brimmer, Esther. The United States, the European Union, and International Human Rights Issues. Washington: Center for Transatlantic Relations, 2002. See the internet section.
- Croci, Osvaldo, and Amy Verdun, eds. The Transatlantic Divide: Foreign and Security Policies in the Atlantic Alliance from Kosovo to Iraq. Manchester: Manchester University Press, 2006. Chapters on France, Germany, Britain.
- Daalder, Ivo H. "Are the United States and Europe Heading for Divorce?" International Affairs 77, no. 3 (2001): 553-567. Available online via the Library database JSTOR.
- Dyson, Stephen Benedict. "Personality and Foreign Policy: Tony Blair’s Iraq Decisions." Foreign Policy Analysis 2, no. 3 (2006): 289- 306. Available online via Synergy.
- Fawn, Rick, and Raymond Hinnebusch, eds. The Iraq War: Causes and Consequences. Boulder, Colo.: Lynne Rienner, 2006.
- Fraser, Matthew. Weapons of Mass Distraction: Soft Power and American Empire. New York: Thomas Dunne, 2005.
- Gordon, Philip, and Jeremy Shapiro. Allies at War: America, Europe and the Crisis over Iraq. New York: McGraw-Hill, 2004. Also available as an e-book via the Library database Ebrary.
- Iraq Study Group Report. Washington: United States Institute of Peace, 2006.
- Kotzias, Nikos, and Petros Liacouras, eds. EU-US Relations: Repairing the Transatlantic Rift. New York, N.Y. : Palgrave Macmillan, 2006.
- Rees, Wyn. "Contending Cultures of Counterterrorism: Transatlantic Divergence or Convergence?" International Affairs 81, no. 5 (Oct 2005): 905-923. Available online via the Library database Academic Search Premier.
- Schuster, Jürgen, and Herbert Maier. "The Rift: Explaining Europe’s Divergent Iraq Policies in the Run-Up of the American-Led War on Iraq." Foreign Policy Analysis 2, no. 3 (2006): 223-44. Available online via Synergy
- Shearman, Peter, and Matthew Sussex, eds. European Security After 9/11. Aldershot: Ashgate, 2004. Chapters on US, France, Germany, UK.
- Shawcross, William. Alllies: The U.S., Britain, Europe and the War in Iraqi. London: Atlantic, 2003..
- Walt, Stephen M. "Beyond Bin Laden: Reshaping U.S. Foreign Policy." International Security 26, no. 3 (2001/2): 56-78. Available online via the Library database JSTOR

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